Background Energy demands have been increasing in recent years with the growing global population. Bioenergy is considered a vital component of addressing these growing demands and minimizing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Recent research on bioenergy has shown that algal biofuels have potential as a feedstock to counter the effects of food in comparison...

­Background Discarded polyethylene-based plastics are not usually recycled because of their resistance to depolymerization due to stable carbon bonds. Pyrolysis is a quick thermochemical treatment technique that destroys plastic structures and turns them into fuels and chemical products. For the pyrolysis process, however, feedstock drying is required,...

Background Asphalt aging is implicated in many distresses of materials reported in the roofing and paving industry. Among the issues brought on by excessive ultraviolet (UV) aging are increased susceptibility to thermal cracking due to excessive hardening and loss of stress relaxation capacity in aged bitumen, the binding component in roof shingles...