Enzymatic degradation offers a cost-effective and energy-efficient alternative for recycling plastics compared to traditional chemical methods. However, its practical application is limited by slow reaction rates, the need for large amounts of constantly replenished buffer solution, and incomplete degradation that produces secondary microplastic pollution. While embedding enzymes directly into the polymer matrix can accelerate the process and improve efficiency, this approach could cause premature, unintended degradation and reduce the overall performance of the material in real-world scenarios.

 

Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a novel synthesis technique for creating photo-cleavable capsules that encapsulate enzymatic agents, such as lipases, which are released in response to a specific photostimulus to biodegrade polymers such as polyesters. These capsules provide precise control over enzyme release, facilitating energy-efficient and cost-effective chemical recycling by converting polymers into valuable byproducts. The on-demand degradation reduces issues related to incomplete polymer breakdown and microplastic formation.

 

This novel photo-cleavable capsule technology enables controlled enzymatic degradation of polymers for effective chemical recycling.