Lithium ion batteries are a popular in consumer electronics and many other applications. However, dendrite formation in lithium ion batteries can cause the batteries to short circuit, thus limiting their performance and creating safety hazards. Magnesium batteries offer an alternative solution to lithium ion batteries as they do not have the problem...

Background Recent rechargeable battery technologies have been dominated by lithium-ion chemistries, with use in a wide range of applications including medical devices, mobile phones, and electric vehicles. Despite its success, the future of lithium-ion batteries is challenged by concerns over energy capacity, longevity, scarcity of raw materials, and...