Invention Description Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer with excellent electrical conductivity lending it great utility in numerous electronics applications including electronic devices, sensors, batteries and more. While PANI can be easily deposited on many surfaces, it has difficulty with producing a dense coating on insulating substrates,...

Implementing liquid-based assays, such as PCR and LAMP, is difficult in POC microfluidic devices, due to bubble formation. To mitigate this, auxiliary metering systems or actuators are required to regulate consistent flow rates. This can make the microfluidic device more complicated to operate, increases cost, and limits rapid prototyping, ultimately...

Invention Description Freshwater scarcity is a critical global challenge. Desalination and water purification, particularly through solar steam generation, offer promising solutions by converting seawater and polluted water into freshwater using solar energy. Aerogels doped with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) enhance this process by improving water transport...

Perovskite materials, especially hybrid metal halide perovskite (MHP), have garnered significant attention because of their potential in the field of solar cells. However, the further development of perovskite materials has been plagued by their stability challenges. Because of the “soft” ionic nature of the lattice while being brittle and...

Continuous-time reinforcement learning (CT-RL) algorithms hold great promise in real-world control applications. Adaptive dynamic programming (ADP)-based CT-RL algorithms, especially their theoretical developments, have achieved great successes. However, these methods have not been demonstrated for solving realistic or meaningful learning control problems....

This algorithm is developed in the field of control systems for control of affine nonlinear continuous time (CT) systems, which include important application areas such as robotics and autonomous systems, aerospace, manufacturing, and process control. This invention falls under the class of continuous-time reinforcement learning (CT-RL) control algorithms....

Nitric species such as nitric oxides are important environmental pollutants as well as key breath biomarkers of respiratory diseases. A chemical sensor that can quickly, selectively and sensitively detect these analytes will find applications not only in environmental monitoring, but also as a non-invasive medical diagnosis and management device. Current...

-collapse: collapse; } Solid-state nanopores are attractive because of their low cost and broad potential utility from single-molecule bioanalytical sensing to diagnostics and sequencing of DNA and protein molecules. Unfortunately, conventional use of conductive silicon substrates results in high capacitive noise, significantly limiting sensing accuracy...

Background Quality in manufacturing ensures the adherence of built products to the specifications set by the designer and their proper functioning when put into operation. An important factor influencing products’ quality is the contamination of process (or build) parameters used during the manufacturing process. The choice of these build conditions...

Background The civil aviation industry is losing air traffic control talents during a time when the need for maintaining daily operations is surging. This situation leads to increased operational costs, higher safety concerns, an elevated workload for air traffic controllers, and frequent flight delays. It is reported that 20% of the civil flights...