The most advanced Body Sensor Networks (BSNs) consist of wireless electronic sensors that are worn by patients and communicate wirelessly with a smartphone or computer. These sensors can be invasive or they must be put on every time a patient is monitored, which can be especially inconvenient for non-human patients. Currently, no non-invasive method...

Current technology for monitoring social media will track frequencies of matching documents for simple, unorganized, keyword lists containing names of groups, individuals, practices, brands, and places. This has left a gap between what society thinks is understood from monitoring and what is actually understood in the complex systems that make up societies....

Background For many years, the goal of efficient electricity generation at small scales with hydrocarbon fuels has been impractical due to heat loss and other challenges. Current approaches to electricity generation at small scales involve the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels to drive generators, which can be useful for remote or off-grid applications,...

Background The conversion of solar energy to fuels requires both water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as feedstocks. These feedstocks provide the carbon and hydrogen atoms necessary to form hydrocarbons. By removing oxygen from one or both of these compounds, liquid hydrocarbon fuels can be produced. Water can be converted into hydrogen and oxygen...

Background Perovskites have widely been considered as promising next-generation materials for future display and solid-state lighting applications. Most current perovskite LEDs are produced using solution processing, and over 20% external quantum efficiencies (EQE) in LEDs have been achieved in recent studies. Vacuum-based deposition has also attracted...

­Background Removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere by direct air capture (DAC) can be accomplished using two chief approaches, liquid and solid. Liquid systems pass air through chemical solutions containing basic ions (e.g., hydroxide ions or bicarbonate ions), heat the resulting mixture to release the captured CO2, and then reuse the...

­Background Electric power utilities have started using phasor measurement units (PMUs) to obtain time-synchronized measurements of the voltage and current magnitudes and phase angles, frequency, and rate-of-change frequency (RoCoF) throughout their systems. However, there are still several key measurements that PMUs are unable to provide. In particular,...

­Potential Applications • CO2 capture from ambient air • CO2 concentration for industrial use Benefits and Advantages • Lower operating costs due to self-heating process • Process requires only air, water, and electrical energy as inputs • Fully contained from capture through concentration/compression Invention...

­Background Discarded polyethylene-based plastics are not usually recycled because of their resistance to depolymerization due to stable carbon bonds. Pyrolysis is a quick thermochemical treatment technique that destroys plastic structures and turns them into fuels and chemical products. For the pyrolysis process, however, feedstock drying is required,...

­Background Nanoparticle-based metallic powders are of interest for rapid sintering, thermal bonding, and electrically conductive metal pastes due to its unique properties, such as lower sintering temperature compared to bulk counterparts and efficient light absorption for photonic curing. However, there are some drawbacks associated with the production,...