Modern day aircrafts rely on a plethora of communications and navigation systems to enable secure and reliable flight operations. These systems are designed in isolation and physically separated to prevent interference between services. These choices lead to stove-pipe designs that lack backward compatibility. As a direct consequence, exteriors of...

Detecting angle of arrival (AoA) of electromagnetic (EM) signals is a priority for many civil and military applications including navigation, surveillance, and communication systems. The antenna structures typically used for this purpose are required to conform to nearly arbitrary surfaces including robots, cars, aerial vehicles, and missiles. As...

Many navigation systems rely on detecting the angle of arrival (AoA) of waves to determine desired coordinates. For example, a variety of radar systems deploy AoA detection to deliver desired information about the surrounding area or target of interest. Modern radio environments rely on adaptive beamforming techniques to direct electromagnetic waves...