AI systems are increasingly being used in critical applications where safety and reliability are paramount such as health care, autonomous driving, and financial services. Numerous AI systems operate as “black boxes,” meaning a system that processes inputs and produces outputs without revealing how it reaches its conclusions. This makes...

Cyber risk has emerged as a significant threat to businesses that have increasingly relied on new and existing information technologies. Across various businesses in different industries and sectors, a distinct pattern of IT network architectures, such as the client-server network architecture, may expose those businesses, which share it, to similar...

Many sites with ground and/or surface water pollution have been identified across the United States. For site characterization, exposure and risk assessment as well as remediation monitoring, it is important to analyze the environment for toxic contaminants at trace levels. However, this sensing is often expensive, especially when attempting...