Atherosclerosis is characterized by the formation of fatty plaque deposits within the vasculature. With increasing plaque buildup, the affected arteries may harden and narrow leading to complications such as heart attack, stroke, aneurysm and other cardiovascular events. The complex nature of plaque makes lesion-targeting imaging, and subsequently early...

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of lipid-rich plaque on the inner walls of arteries. With increasing plaque buildup, the affected arteries may harden and narrow leading to complications such as heart attack, stroke, aneurysm and other cardiovascular events. As such, atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Although there...

The quality of IMPT treatment plans may be drastically diminished by uncertainties such as proton range and patient setup errors. If these uncertainties are not figured into treatment planning, the dose distribution that the patient receives may not be the same as the planned dose distribution. New treatment plans, which include optimized software/programming,...