Background Mid to long-wave infrared detectors capture and interpret infrared radiation emitted by objects, and convert it into additional data. These detectors have wide ranging applications including gas sensing, thermal imaging, environmental monitoring, and defense applications. Typically, these detectors use micro- or nano-scale microwave-frequency...

SDS-PAGE is a ubiquitous analytical technique for separating proteins based on molecular weight. Existing loading buffers used in SDS-PAGE and other protein analyses techniques have difficulty in effectively solubilizing and stabilizing hydrophobic or lipidated proteins, particularly membrane proteins. These proteins tend to aggregate or precipitate...

The ability to monitor spatiotemporal dynamics of neurotransmitter release is crucial for understanding the basis of brain function. The precise cognitive operations supported by the changes in cortical neuromodulatory activity have not been fully recognized, largely due to the limitations of current methods which have trade-offs between spatial, temporal,...

Cellular force is important in activities including migration, proliferation and differentiation, which are mediated by interactions between the cell and the ECM. Monitoring these interactions helps to understand how and when mechanical cues play a role in cellular events and underlying mechanisms. However, there are limitations in spatial and temporal...

Radio Frequency (RF) coils transmit and receive RF signals in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Designing FR coils is a challenge because they often have to operate at multiple frequencies and it is difficult to enable them to resonate at multiple frequencies or switch their resonating frequencies. Positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) diodes are commonly...

Molecular interactions are integral to virtually all biological processes including cell signaling, enzyme activity, protein functionality, and disease development. Understanding the kinetics of these interactions is crucial for providing detailed quantitative and mechanistic insights, at the molecular level, which are essential for advancements in...

Histological whole slide image (WSI) processing techniques are critical for identifying and classifying tissues, particularly cancerous tissues. AI-aided methods for analyzing these WSIs have become increasingly important to enhance diagnostic precision and high throughput processing. However, WSIs have gigapixel resolution, leading to computational...

Background Image fusion is an image processing technique that has grown in prevalence in recent years. Image fusion can be used for many different applications including medical imaging, aerospace, remote sensing, military surveillance, and manufacturing flaw identification. Quantum image fusion is a more recent development that uses quantum computing...

Retinal color fundus photography (CFP) is an imaging technique for capturing detailed images of the back of the eye, including the retina, optic nerve and blood vessels. CFP is non-invasive and offers a safe and painless means to diagnose and monitor a variety of eye conditions such as retinopathy, glaucoma and macular degeneration. High quality retinal...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health threat, causing nearly 1.5 million deaths annually, making it the 13th leading cause of death. While TB is preventable and treatable, multidrug-resistant TB worsens the global health crisis, making diagnosis and treatment more complex. An even greater challenge is heteroresistance, where...