Batteries operate by polarizing and transferring ions through liquid or molecular solvents. Recent developments have made use of organic cation salts in plastic crystalline states as solvents, in which lithium salts can be dissolved. These lithium salts are known as electrolytes. Unfortunately, they are associated with low conductivity. Other electrolytes...

Background Li-ion batteries allow us to store electrochemical energy efficiently and safely. Indeed, these batteries have revolutionized fields ranging from portable and wearable electronics to grid-scale energy supply. Typically, Li-ion batteries operate by polarizing and transferring lithium ions through organic solvents or gels. Unfortunately, these...