Recent studies conclude that a strong correlation exists between the numbers of glomerular in the kidney and renal diseases. These findings generate great interest in accurately counting glomeruli. Traditionally, the glomerulus is counted using histological sections, which have several limitations. First, histology based counting relies on techniques...

Infrared photodetectors have a wide range of applications including medical imaging, thermal sensing, spectroscopy, and night vision. Currently, the best photodetectors on the market have an active absorption region made from Mercury Cadmium Telluride (MCT). Although MCT photodetectors maintain the strongest absorption over the greatest spectral range,...

The different materials comprising an electronic package expand at different rates under thermal stress. Differing expansion rates cause deformation among the individual layers contributing to an uneven strain across the whole package. More frequent failure occurs in the areas under greatest stress, so manufacturers would prefer a sensing technique...

Electromigration is the transport of material caused by an uneven distribution of current, causing atoms to accumulate at the anode and separate from the cathode of an electronic circuit. Materials that experience electromigration undergo a complex 3D evolution, which often results in short and open circuit failures at soldering joints. Electromigration’s...

High resolution x-ray tomography (XCT) provides a nondestructive approach to 3D imaging suitable for examining material microstructures. Current options for x-ray micro-tomography (µXCT) are limited to select research facilities that employ synchrotron light sources in XCT experiments, and overpriced lab-scale µXCT systems of insufficient...