Traditional bulk diagnostic assays suffer from signal dilution and averaging, making it difficult to detect rare biomarkers and subtle molecular variations critical for early disease diagnosis. Microarrays address this limitation by enabling high-throughput, multiplexed analysis with improved specificity and sensitivity. Their structured array format...

Of the emerging pathogens, the most concerning seem to be pathogenic viruses. Antiviral therapeutics are integral in instances where vaccines are not effective (e.g. HIV or Herpes infections). Despite the recent SARS-CoV2 pandemic and other viral outbreaks, antivirals have been clinically approved to treat only 10 out of the greater than 200 known pathogenic...