­Quantifying protein interaction kinetics is important in many biotechnology applications including biosensor development, biomarker discovery, drug screening and basic research. Current label-free techniques for quantifying protein-protein interactions often require separating the protein samples from complex media using magnetic nanoparticles....

Compartmentalization increases the overall activity and specificity of encapsulated enzymes by protecting the enzymes, maintaining a high concentration of enzymes and substrates, and promoting substrate channeling. While there have been artificial enzymatic particles that have been created using compartmentalization by virus-like proteins, liposomes,...