Background Recent studies have showed the ability of Quantum Computers to produce atypical patterns which are hard to produce classically, which gives them a distinct advantage in the domain of machine learning. However, most devices today are considered Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, which are limited in the circuit breadth and suffer...

Background With the rapid development of network communication technologies and remote applications, the volume of data traffic generated by users and various IoT systems has significantly increased, especially during the recent pandemic. Cloud-based file storage services have been widely used for storing large amounts of user data as they provide...

Background Air traffic control is a crucial part of aviation safety, ensuring that aircraft are safely guided through the airspace and landed or taken off from airports. Effective workload management of air traffic controllers (ATCos) is an important component of maintaining safety within the aviation domain. One component of effective workload management...

Supply chains provide a network describing how resources move from a source to delivery for consumption by the end user. Supply chains also involve the components involved in production and transportation of the commodities being moved in the supply chain. There is a need for modeling links in a supply chain to estimate supply and demand and to ensure...

Background Utility pipes are a crucial component of public health and safety infrastructure, and it is critical to conduct regular inspections to ensure functionality. Currently, most pipes are inspected by human operators, which can pose safety concerns as well as inaccuracy and limited accessibility. As an alternative, in-pipe robots are increasingly...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health threat, causing nearly 1.5 million deaths annually, making it the 13th leading cause of death. While TB is preventable and treatable, multidrug-resistant TB worsens the global health crisis, making diagnosis and treatment more complex. An even greater challenge is heteroresistance, where...

Pain is estimated to affect about 30% of the world’s population and treatment is challenging because of issues with addiction and withdrawal which accompany many current analgesics. Human TRPV1 is a widely expressed nociceptor and is a desirable target to modulate diverse human pathophysiologies, including pain, obesity, and diabetes, among others....

Background Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) involves a number of agents interacting within a common environment to jointly maximize a long-term reward. However, the key challenge with MARL is the combinatorial nature, which results in high computational complexity. The behavior of each individual agent relies on what has been learned by the...

Background Trajectory sensitivity (TS) is a powerful approach to aid in dynamic security assessment (DSA). However, its practical usage has been limited so far due to concerns associated with its scalability. With a focus on increasing penetration of inverter-based resources and a long queue of pending generation interconnection requests, large-scale...

The rise of artificial intelligence is changing the shape of many different fields, and ophthalmic medicine is no exception. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable results in the assisted diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases. However, they face challenges such as limited labeling and small dataset sizes. In recent years, self-supervised...