There is a need for solar cells with highly efficient light-to-electricity conversion and lower cost. Multijunction cells, which include multiple light-absorbing materials, each of which converts a given wavelength range of the solar spectrum, can be used to provide greater conversion efficiency than single-junction thin-film solar cells. However,...

In order to reduce the high costs associated with renewable power, there is a need to develop highly efficient photovoltaic materials, and III-V compound semiconductors offer a higher efficiency than conventional materials. However, high production costs limit widespread photovoltaic development. The substrates used to manufacture compound semiconductor...

Electrical structures which interact with light, such as solar cells and optical sensors, generally employ electrodes to collect a generated current (or to apply an external field) however, the electrode designs commonly used suffer from a number of disadvantages. For example, the wide spacing of electrodes in conventional solar cells, necessary to...