ErbB4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase member with roles in several key pathways associated with cell proliferation, death and differentiation. ErbB4 overexpression is associated with several types of cancers as well as psychiatric and cardiovascular disorders. Currently there are no drugs available for ErbB4-driven pathologies, or methods of identifying...

Optogenetics uses light stimulation to control the excitation, inhibition, or signaling pathways of optically excitable cells and provides a powerful tool to diagnose and treat, as well as understand, numerous neurological and psychiatric diseases and disorders. Modified neurons can be activated or silenced by different light frequencies. However, the...

Current neural interface and neuromodulation technologies lack the stability and specificity to target specific sensory or motor neurons within a nerve bundle. Emerging prosthetic devices for the central and peripheral nervous system require interfaces that can stimulate or sense targeted neurons with high discriminability to achieve very specific end-target...

Cancer biologists have known for decades that tumor cells display aberrant sugar polymer (glycan) structures. This means that if glycans can be analyzed in the right way(s), they should serve as excellent markers for the presence and progression of cancer. Altered activity of the enzymes that build glycans (glycotransferases, GTs) is the immediate upstream...

Approximately 9% of the general population will report the onset of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) over a one year period. Unfortunately, at present, there is no standard and reliable diagnostic test for IBS. IBS is currently diagnosed using symptomatic criteria, but because symptoms of IBS can overlap with other GI diseases, there is considerable uncertainty...