Mitochondrial diseases are a group of disorders associated with dysfunctional mitochondria, often caused by genetic mutations to mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial defects are damaging, particularly to tissues with high energy demands such as neural and muscle tissues. Energetic defects have been implicated in forms of movement disorders, cardiomyopathy,...

Passive, wireless stimulators have received significant interest due to their ability to provide therapy and rehabilitation by targeting an organ with monophasic or biphasic stimulation pulses. Wireless stimulators are advantageous because they reduce the risk of infection and inflammation by eliminating wires that protrude through the skin. Extending...

Current neural interface and neuromodulation technologies lack the stability and specificity to target specific sensory or motor neurons within a nerve bundle. Emerging prosthetic devices for the central and peripheral nervous system require interfaces that can stimulate or sense targeted neurons with high discriminability to achieve very specific end-target...