Nanoarray-based assays offer advantages over standard microarray assays such as minimal sample consumption, high efficiency, and enhanced multiplexing capacity. However, despite their potential, they face challenges such as the complexity and high cost of spotting and fabrication, as well as a lack of effective detection schemes. This impedes many practical...

Background Electrochemical sensors are devices that use electrical signals to detect the presence or concentration of a target analyte. These sensors are widely used in a range of applications including glucose sensors, environmental monitoring, food safety testing, medical diagnostics, and industrial process control. However, the manufacturing process...

Many cancers have recurrent chromosomal translocations leading to the fusion of two genes. Often, said cancers are aggressive, have a poor prognosis with metastasis or recurrence, and do not have effective and targeted treatment. The challenge of many fusion-positive cancers is the lack of established targets downstream of the gene fusion despite years...

Background Metal oxide (MOX) gas sensors are a type of solid-state sensing device capable of transducing the binding of an analyte to a measurable signal in the form of changes in electrical resistance. In order to effectively incorporate MOX sensors into wireless devices for environmental and health monitoring applications, the sensors must be miniature...

The analysis of small-molecule metabolites and drugs in body fluids and tissue extracts plays a vital role in human health, food safety and environmental monitoring. The current gold standard for small molecule detection is mass spectrometry, which is expensive, time consuming, and requires trained personnel. Universal point-of-care (POC) testing would...

Accurate detection and diagnosis of infectious diseases is paramount to appropriate treatment and better outcomes. Despite tremendous efforts to advance new diagnostic techniques, there are still critical gaps in the healthcare system in quickly diagnosing and responding to infectious diseases. Current diagnostic technologies identify pathogens by detecting...

Many sites with ground and/or surface water pollution have been identified across the United States. For site characterization, exposure and risk assessment as well as remediation monitoring, it is important to analyze the environment for toxic contaminants at trace levels. However, this sensing is often expensive, especially when attempting...

The ability to detect small molecules and other chemical analytes is important for many applications from assessing drinking water to monitoring effluents and ensuring food and drinks are safe to consume. While synthetic biology has enabled the development of molecular biosensors, such as transcription factors, to detect small molecules, they rely on...

Microwave-assisted synthesis is a modern method of heating substances rapidly and with high energy efficiency. Applications in solid state chemistry is a growing field of research rapidly gaining popularity with microwave heating being used to synthesize a plethora of inorganic compounds. As a result of its time- and energy-efficiency, it can also...

Self-assembling nucleic acid molecules have been utilized extensively for constructing unique nanoscale structures, and designing increasingly complex structures is a top nanotechnology challenge. Current methods to create NDA nanostructures are restricted to discrete domains of parallel lines as a result of the double crossover based unit motif, which...