Cells have developed various means for transporting molecules across membranes as well as cellular compartments separated by membranes. Channels and pores can be formed with different protein assemblies to enable the regulated passage of molecules in and out of cells, which has led to them being exploited as molecular sensors for characterizing biomolecules...

Molecular interactions are integral to virtually all biological processes including cell signaling, enzyme activity, protein functionality, and disease development. Understanding the kinetics of these interactions is crucial for providing detailed quantitative and mechanistic insights, at the molecular level, which are essential for advancements in...

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest global health crises we are currently facing, and it is being accelerated by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. There is a tendency, especially in pediatrics, to prescribe antibiotics for viral infections, or to withhold an antibiotic out of an abundance of caution. A contributing factor in antibiotic...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health threat, causing nearly 1.5 million deaths annually, making it the 13th leading cause of death. While TB is preventable and treatable, multidrug-resistant TB worsens the global health crisis, making diagnosis and treatment more complex. An even greater challenge is heteroresistance, where...

Nanoarray-based assays offer advantages over standard microarray assays such as minimal sample consumption, high efficiency, and enhanced multiplexing capacity. However, despite their potential, they face challenges such as the complexity and high cost of spotting and fabrication, as well as a lack of effective detection schemes. This impedes many practical...

Traditional bulk diagnostic assays suffer from signal dilution and averaging, making it difficult to detect rare biomarkers and subtle molecular variations critical for early disease diagnosis. Microarrays address this limitation by enabling high-throughput, multiplexed analysis with improved specificity and sensitivity. Their structured array format...

Background In the wake of the climate crisis, the necessity of removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere is of utmost importance. Current methods for removing CO2 from the atmosphere include Direct Air Capture (DAC) which uses a chemical filter that selectively binds to CO2 molecules. Once captured, the concentrated CO2 stream is then stored...

Heart failure is a serious global burden affecting more than 64 million people worldwide. It has high morbidity and mortality and poor quality of life, making it a major public health priority. N-terminal proBNP (NT-pro-BNP) is a well-established clinical biomarker for monitoring and managing heart failure. Regular and frequent monitoring of patients...

Detection and quantification of low-abundance biomarkers is essential to early disease detection, monitoring and treatment. While many techniques, have been developed for measuring single molecules, all require signal amplification, via enzyme amplification, or fluorescence or gold nanoparticle probes, which come with their own unique drawbacks, including...

Acute pulmonary infections, or pneumonia, are a leading cause of infectious death worldwide with more than 2.3 million deaths each year. Existing strategies for diagnosing pneumonia are based on clinical, radiological and microbial criteria, which is time-consuming, low accuracy, and subject to interobserver variability. Furthermore, obtaining a lower...