The use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in research, diagnostics and therapeutics is ubiquitous, particularly because of their ability to simultaneously achieve high affinity and specificity. mAbs binding typically involves interactions between it and 5-8 amino acids in a specific spatial arrangement. These interactions at defined positions is what...

Glucose, oxygen, and extracellular pH are important components of human metabolic processes -- many diseases are associated with glucose transport and metabolic disorders including diabetes and cancer. Monitoring glucose and cell metabolism can provide invaluable information for understanding these diseases. There are many assays and sensors for glucose,...

Single-cell and cell cluster optical tomography, or Cell-CT, has found increasing application in life sciences basic research. Two limitations to its use in this area are that it can image only fixed cells, and the lack of thixotropic gels that can support live cells and also satisfy refractive index constraints. Researchers at the Biodesign Institute...

Determination of consumption/secretion rates of single-cell resolution has great potential for delivering detailed insights into early onset and development of various disease states as well as drug and stimulus response. Due the lack of sensitivity of current technologies, this information is difficult to obtain. Single cell measurements in vivo are...

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is a well-established method for amplifying DNA using fluorescent probes. Traditionally this is a step-wise process where an aliquot of the DNA to be amplified is deposited in a chamber and amplified/measured in the chamber. Current systems require significant time for sample preparation including tissue disaggregation,...

High-dimensional single cell visualization technologies are redefining the way we view and understand biological systems, particularly when identifying and analyzing cancer cells. Some cell defects on the surface or in the interior of a cell just can't be properly evaluated in two dimensional microscopy. However, to completely visualize and quantitatively...

High-dimensional single cell visualization technologies, such as live-cell computed tomography (CT), are redefining the way we view and understand biological systems, particularly when identifying and analyzing cancer cells. Some cell defects on the surface or in the interior of a cell just can't be properly evaluated in two dimensional microscopy....