Point-of-care (POC) testing techniques are essential in molecular diagnostics, particularly in resource-limited settings. The first step in molecular diagnostics is sample preparation which may include extraction of nucleic acids (NAs). Simple and efficient NA extraction is crucial for downstream applications such as pathogen detection, genetic analysis,...

Single-molecule techniques make it possible to digitally count even extremely rare biomarker molecules, providing greatly improved sensitivity for early disease detection. However, in standard setups, there is a necessary balance: if the concentration is too high, molecules overlap and become unreadable; if too low, there are not enough events for robust...

The blood brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable complex, and only about 2% of small molecules in the blood can penetrate it. Because of this, drug delivery to the brain is fairly ineffective. Research into receptors expressed on the BBB is promising, however, many receptors (glucose transporter 1, transferrin receptor, LDL-receptor...

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Chron’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is increasing globally, as is the healthcare burden, with studies showing it as one of the top 5 most expensive GI conditions. Early and accurate diagnosis is strongly associated with better patient outcomes. However, the common...

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s are affecting an increasing number, with annual new diagnoses approaching one-half million; and total cost, $150 billion. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for optimal outcomes, yet there is currently no test to detect such diseases in their early, asymptomatic stages. Active immuniza-tion...

The human retinoid X receptors (RXRs) function as transcriptional regulators, often in partnership with members of a larger nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. RXR agonists have been shown to modulate RXR transcription and activate or repress various biological pathways and effect therapeutic results for various conditions. There are a...

Inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as y-aminobutyric acid (GABA), taurine, taurine analogs and β-alanine, have been associated with neurological disorders such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, dementia, autism, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and more. Additionally, gut microbiome dysbiosis has also been linked to many neurological disorders, with modulations...

The importance and health benefits of routine exercise are widely recognized. Because of this, there have been numerous devices and methods devised to track and quantify exercises. Some devices count steps, like the pedometer, while others measure body responses to exercise, suhttp://azte.technologypublisher.com/files/sites/ncs-m14-180l.pdfch as heart...

Mosquitoes pose a significant threat to human health, responsible for transmitting deadly diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus. With over one million people worldwide affected by mosquito-borne illnesses annually, these insects inflict more human suffering than any other organism. Despite extensive efforts, controlling mosquito populations...

Diverse pathologies, especially related to early protein misfolding and aggregation, are observed in different neurodegenerative diseases. Some protein variants result in different proteinopathies that vary from patient to patient, highlighting a need for personalized diagnostic tests to enable accurate diagnoses. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) refers...